Comprehensive Cancer explores a Today Show report showing that cancers are on the rise in younger populations, perhaps a result of Lynch syndrome.
The Today Show recently reported an increase in cancer diagnoses in younger people. The story referenced research published in JAMA Network Open. The report and study focused on the fact that cancer diagnoses increased in people under 50 from 2010 to 2019 caused potentially by Lynch syndrome.
The cancers that increased the most included gastrointestinal cancers, like Singleton’s, which also rose the fastest of those noted in the research. The general consensus when cancer, or any other illness, increases in younger people, is that it will also increase in older populations. Surprisingly, the study found the opposite result, with rates of cancer in people over the age of 50 actually decreasing during the report’s time frame.
Of particular concern for younger cancer diagnoses was the uptick in colon cancer cases reported. The disease is normally not found in younger audiences, and seeing those numbers rise, while diagnoses in older populations declined, was noted as a troubling statistic.
The story, as presented on NBC’s Today Show, focused on a younger patient who had colon cancer, who noted that he has the genetic mutation that has shown to increase risk of cancers in younger populations. The story, and the study, suggested that Lynch syndrome could be a cause of increasing cancers diagnoses for younger people.
What is Lynch Syndrome?
Lynch syndrome, also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is a genetic disorder that increases risks of developing colorectal cancer and endometrial (uterine) cancer. It is an autosomal dominant condition, meaning that an affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the mutated gene on to their children.
Key features and characteristics of Lynch syndrome include:
- Genetic Mutation: Lynch syndrome is caused by mutations in genes that are responsible for repairing DNA damage. The most common genes associated with Lynch syndrome are MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. Mutations in these genes impair the body’s ability to repair errors in DNA replication, increasing the risk of genetic mutations and cancer development.
- Increased Cancer Risk: As noted in the Today Show story, individuals with Lynch syndrome have significantly higher risks of developing colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, as well as other cancers include ovarian, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, urinary tract, and brain cancer.
- Early Onset: Cancers associated with Lynch syndrome often occur at an earlier age than in the general population, backing up the research on the increases in younger diagnoses. Colorectal and endometrial cancers may also develop at a younger age in affected individuals.
- Familial Pattern: Lynch syndrome tends to run in families, with multiple affected family members often having related cancers. It is important for individuals with a family history of Lynch syndrome-associated cancers to undergo genetic testing to identify the presence of mutations.
- Screening and Prevention: Early detection is crucial for managing the increased cancer risk in individuals with Lynch syndrome. Regular screening, including colonoscopies and endometrial biopsies, can help detect cancer at an early, more treatable stage. Some individuals with Lynch syndrome may also opt for risk-reducing surgeries, such as prophylactic removal of the colon or uterus, to reduce their cancer risk.
- Genetic Counseling: Genetic counseling is essential for individuals and families with Lynch syndrome. It can help individuals understand their risk, make informed decisions about cancer prevention and screening, and consider genetic testing for family members. Comprehensive Cancer offers Cancer Genetic Counseling (LINK 4) to help people better assess and plan for risks.
It’s important to note that Lynch syndrome is just one of several hereditary cancer syndromes, and early detection and proactive management can significantly reduce the associated cancer risks. If you suspect you or your family may have a history of Lynch syndrome or related cancers, consult a healthcare provider or a Comprehensive Cancer genetic counselor for guidance and testing options.
What Happens When You’re Screened for Lynch Syndrome?
Screening for the issue typically involves a combination of clinical criteria and genetic testing. If you or your healthcare provider suspect that you may have Lynch syndrome based on your personal or family history of cancer, here are the steps typically involved in screening for the condition:
Evaluation of Personal and Family History: Your healthcare provider will first assess your personal and family medical history to determine if there is a pattern of Lynch syndrome-associated cancers, such as colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, stomach, or other related cancers.
They will look for specific criteria, such as early onset of cancer (before age 50), multiple family members with the same or related cancers, and a history of synchronous or metachronous cancers in the same individual.
Genetic Counseling: As noted, Comprehensive Cancer Centers’ cancer genetic counselors are trained professionals who can help you understand the genetic testing process, its implications, and the potential risks and benefits.
Interpretation of Results: Your cancer genetic counselor will interpret the genetic test results and discuss the implications with you. They will explain whether you have a mutation associated with Lynch syndrome and what it means for your cancer risk and potential management.
Family Testing: If you are found to have a Lynch syndrome mutation, your family members may also be encouraged to undergo genetic testing to identify other potential carriers in the family. This can help other at-risk individuals take appropriate preventive measures. Lynch syndrome is an inherited condition, so identifying it in one family member can have implications for the entire family. Early detection through genetic testing and appropriate surveillance and management can significantly reduce the risk of associated cancers and improve outcomes.
Surveillance and Management: If you are diagnosed, you and your healthcare team can develop a personalized plan for cancer surveillance and risk reduction. This may include more frequent screenings, such as colonoscopies and endometrial biopsies, and, in some cases, risk-reducing surgeries.
Comprehensive Cancer Centers Can Help
Physicians at Comprehensive Cancer Centers provide a variety of treatment options for patients of all ages with cancer including access to world-class clinical research and treatment such as immunotherapy. To schedule an appointment, please call 702-952-3350.
The content in this post is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of qualified health providers with questions you may have regarding medical conditions.
